English
1915-1928 arası emval-i metruke uygulamaları / Hasan Güner ; danışman Prof. Dr. Ahmet Kankal.
Yer Numarası
B.I/8540
Dil Kodu
Türkçe
Yazar
Yayın Bilgisi
2015.
Fiziksel Niteleme
xiii, 269 y. : 30 cm
Tez Notu
Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- Yıldırım Beyazıt Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Tarih Ana Bilim Dalı, 2015.
Bibliyografi, vb. Notu
Bibliyografya y. 250-268.
Özet, vb.
► Ermenilerin bir kısmı, I. Dünya Savaşı'nın Osmanlı Devleti için en sıkıntılı günlerinde Ruslarla işbirliği yapmış ve Osmanlı Ordusu'nu arkadan vurarak isyan etmişlerdir. Bunun üzerine yaşadıkları yerlerden çıkarılarak vatanın daha güvenli bölgelerine zorunlu göç ettirilmişlerdir. Güvenlik gerekçesiyle gerçekleşen bu zorunlu göç esnasında Ermeniler bazı eşyalarını yanlarında götürebilseler bile taşınır mallarının çok önemli bir kısmını ve taşınmazlarını (arazi, arsa, bina) geride bırakmışlardır. Ermenilerden kalan bu malların korunması, idaresi ve tasfiyesi önemli bir sorun teşkil etmiştir. Hükümet bu sorunun çözümü adına Ermenilerin geride bıraktıkları mallarla ilgili ilk düzenlemeyi sevk ve iskân kararını aldıktan sadece üç gün sonra yapmıştır. 30 Mayıs 1915 tarihli Meclis-i Vükela Kararı'nda Ermenilerin geride bıraktıkları malların idaresi ile ilgili birçok temel esasa yer verilmiş ve bazı açıklamalar yapılmıştır. Daha sonra yapılan diğer düzenlemeler Meclis-i Vükela Kararı'nda ana hatları belirlenen esaslar etrafında şekillenmiştir. Yapılan düzenlemeler ile Ermenilerin geride bıraktıkları malları konusunda özel yetkili emval-i metruke komisyonları kurulmuş ve emval-i metrukeye ilişkin tüm işlemler bu alanda uzmanlaşmış komisyonlar tarafından yapılmıştır. Yapılan düzenlemeler ile bir yandan Ermenilerin daha önce yaşadıkları yerler ile mülkiyet ilişkilerinin yani bir anlamda aidiyetlerin kesilmesi hedeflenirken diğer yandan da Ermenilerin daha önceki yaşadıkları yerlerde isyan edebilme potansiyelleri ortadan kaldırılmıştır. I. Dünya Savaşı'nın bitmesini müteakip zorunlu göçe tabi tutulan kimselerin geri dönmesine müsaade edilmiştir. Geri dönen bu kimselerin iskânı ve mallarının iadesi dönemin hükümetlerini oldukça zorlamıştır. Mütareke Dönemi diye adlandırabileceğimiz bu dönemde, zorunlu göçe tabi tutulan kimselere ait olan mallar yasal düzenleme yapılmaksızın iade edilmiştir. 08 Ocak 1920 tarihli Kararname ile de fiili uygulamalar yasal dayanağa kavuşturulmuştur. Bu dönemde emval-i metruke kapsamındaki malların çok büyük çoğunluğu ilk sahiplerine iade edilmiştir. Milli Mücadele Hareketi'nin, etkinliğini artırması ve bağımsızlık mücadelesini kazanması ile birlikte emval-i metruke konusu Meclis'in gündeminde sıkça yer almıştır. Bu dönemde yürürlüğe konulan düzenlemeler ile emval-i metrukenin kapsamı Müslümanları da kapsayacak şekilde genişletilmiştir. Bununla birlikte Lozan Antlaşması öncesinde ve sonrasında yapılan hukuki düzenlemeler ile emval-i metruke konusu kalıcı olarak çözüme kavuşturulmuştur.
► Armenians cooperated with Russians on the First World War's roughest days for the Ottoman State and rioted by stabbing the Ottoman Army in the back. Therefore, they have been expelled from the place they lived and have been compulsorily migrated to safer lands. During this compulsory migration, which has been occurred for security reasons, Armenians left behind an important part of their movable properties and real estates (land, buildings etc.) although they took some of these properties and estates with them while leaving. The protection, management and liquidation of these assets left behind by the Armenians constituted a significant problem. The government made the first regulation about the assets left behind by the Armenians only three days later than that it made the decision of dispatch and settlement. Many basic principles about the management of the assets left behind by the Armenians were included and some explanations were made in the decision of Meclis-i Vükela dated 30th May 1915. The following other regulations were shaped around the principles which had been mostly outlined in the Meclis-i Vükela Decision. By means of these regulations, special Abandoned Goods Commissions were founded for the assets left behind by the Armenians and all the operations related to the abandoned goods were done by the commissions specialized on this area. Via these regulations it was aimed to end the Armenians' property relations with the places they lived on the one hand, and their potential to riot in the places they lived before were eliminated on the other hand. After the First World War ended, the people who had been subjected to compulsory migration were allowed to come back. The resettlement of the people coming back and giving their assets back put a big strain on governments at that time. During this period, which can be named the Armistice Period, the goods which had belonged to the people who had been subjected to compulsory migration were given back without a legal regulation. A legal basis was built for de facto applications with the Enactment dated 8th January 1920. In this period, most of the abandoned goods were given back to their first owners. The issue of abandoned goods has been a topical issue in the Assembly for a long time when National War of Independence Movement enhanced its efficiency and won its independence. With the regulations which were made in this period, the scope of abandoned goods was enlarged in order to include the Muslims. In addition to this, with the legal regulations made before and after the Treaty of Lausanne the issue of abandoned goods was solved permanently.
► Armenians cooperated with Russians on the First World War's roughest days for the Ottoman State and rioted by stabbing the Ottoman Army in the back. Therefore, they have been expelled from the place they lived and have been compulsorily migrated to safer lands. During this compulsory migration, which has been occurred for security reasons, Armenians left behind an important part of their movable properties and real estates (land, buildings etc.) although they took some of these properties and estates with them while leaving. The protection, management and liquidation of these assets left behind by the Armenians constituted a significant problem. The government made the first regulation about the assets left behind by the Armenians only three days later than that it made the decision of dispatch and settlement. Many basic principles about the management of the assets left behind by the Armenians were included and some explanations were made in the decision of Meclis-i Vükela dated 30th May 1915. The following other regulations were shaped around the principles which had been mostly outlined in the Meclis-i Vükela Decision. By means of these regulations, special Abandoned Goods Commissions were founded for the assets left behind by the Armenians and all the operations related to the abandoned goods were done by the commissions specialized on this area. Via these regulations it was aimed to end the Armenians' property relations with the places they lived on the one hand, and their potential to riot in the places they lived before were eliminated on the other hand. After the First World War ended, the people who had been subjected to compulsory migration were allowed to come back. The resettlement of the people coming back and giving their assets back put a big strain on governments at that time. During this period, which can be named the Armistice Period, the goods which had belonged to the people who had been subjected to compulsory migration were given back without a legal regulation. A legal basis was built for de facto applications with the Enactment dated 8th January 1920. In this period, most of the abandoned goods were given back to their first owners. The issue of abandoned goods has been a topical issue in the Assembly for a long time when National War of Independence Movement enhanced its efficiency and won its independence. With the regulations which were made in this period, the scope of abandoned goods was enlarged in order to include the Muslims. In addition to this, with the legal regulations made before and after the Treaty of Lausanne the issue of abandoned goods was solved permanently.
Dil Notu
Türkçe özet y. vi.
İngilizce özet y. vii.
İngilizce özet y. vii.
Konu
Emeği Geçenler
Kankal, Ahmet, Prof. Dr., tez danışmanı.
