Türk basınında Bursa gündemi, 1920-1923 / Serpil Sevim ; danışman Mücahit Özçelik
Yer Numarası
B.I/7444
Dil Kodu
Türkçe
Yazar
Yayın Bilgisi
2015.
Fiziksel Niteleme
xii, 140 s. : tıpkıbasım ; 29 cm
Genel Not
İndeks s. 107-110.
Tez Notu
Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- Erciyes Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Tarih Ana Bilim Dalı Türkiye Cumhuriyet Tarihi Bilim Dalı, 2015.
Bibliyografi, vb. Notu
Bibliyografya s. 111-133.
Özet, vb.
► İtilaf Devletleri galip ayrıldığı Birinci Dünya Savaşı'ndan sonra, Osmanlı Devleti ile imzaladığı Mondros Mütarekesi gereğince Anadolu'nun çeşitli yerlerinde işgale başlamıştır. Yunanlılar da "Megali İdea" adını verdikleri büyük ülkülerini gerçekleştirmek için Anadolu'da işgale başlamıştır. Batı Anadolu'daki işgaller gibi Bursa'yı da 8 Temmuz 1920 tarihinde işgal etmiş ve ahaliye birçok mezalim yaşatmıştır. Bursa işgal edilmeden önce 56.Tümen Kumandanı Bekir Sami (Günsav) Bey Bursa'ya gelmiş ve Bursa halkını işgallere karşı örgütlemeye çalışmıştır. Ayrıca Bekir Sami Bey İzmir'de düzensiz halde bulunan 56.Tümeni deniz yolu ile önce Mudanya'ya daha sonra da Bursa'ya naklettirmiştir. 56.Tümen'i düzene sokarak Bursa'nın savunmasını güçlendirmeye çalışmıştır. Bursa'da Kuva-yı Milliye birlikleri oluşturulmuş, yerel halk bilinçlendirilmiş ve savunma güçlendirilmiştir. Bekir Sami Bey'in, Bursa'da yaptığı bütün güvenlik önlemlerine rağmen Bursa'nın işgali engellenememiş ve Bursa Yunan birlikleri tarafından işgal edilmiştir. Bekir Sami Bey ve emrindekiler Yunan birlikleri karşısında fazla tutunamamış ve şehri terk etmek zorunda kalmışlardır. Bekir Sami Bey'in şehri terk etmesi Meclis'te önemli tartışmalara sebep olmuş ve şehri savunmadan terk etti suçlaması sebebiyle görevinden alınmıştır. Bursa'nın işgal edilmesiyle Yunan birlikleri şehirde mezalim yapmaya başlamış ve silah toplama bahanesiyle evleri basarak yerel halkı maddi manevi bunalımlara sokmuştur. Yaşanan bu kötü olaylar Türk basınında büyük bir üzüntüyle bahsedilmiştir. Gazeteler tarihi ve coğrafi önemi olan Türk şehri Bursa'nın Yunan birlikleri tarafından işgal edilmesini yazmış ve bu işgalden en kısa zamanda kurtulmayı ümit etmişlerdir. Bursa'daki Yunan işgali hem Meclis'te hem de Anadolu'da büyük bir üzüntü yarattığı için TBMM kürsüsü siyah örtü ile kapatılmış ve kurtuluşuna kadar da kaldırılmamıştır. Bursa'nın Yunanlılar tarafından işgal edilmesi Türk Milletinin mücadele ruhunu daha da artırmış ve Anadolu'da Büyük Taarruz başlamıştır. Yapılan mücadeleler sonucunda Bursa, 11 Eylül 1922 tarihinde kurtulmuştur. Bursa'nın kurtuluşu memlekette coşkuyla karşılanmış ve günlerce kutlamalar yapılmıştır. Türk basını Bursa'nın kurtuluşu ile ilgili sevindirici haberler yapmışlar ve Türklerin önemli şehirlerinden biri olan Bursa'nın, Türk Ordusu tarafından kahramanca mücadele edilerek Yunan işgalinden kurtarıldığından bahsetmiştir.
► After the First World War the victorious Entente States began the occupation of the various places of Anatoliaaccording to Mondros Armistice signed with the Ottoman Empire. Greeks began the occupation of Anatolia to perform their great ideal which they call as Megali İdea. Just as western Anatolia, they occupied Bursa on July 8, 1920 and inhabitants of Bursa suffered a lot of persecution. Before Bursa was invaded, 56. Division commander Bekir Sami (Gunsav) came to the city with the attempts of organising the local people against the invasion. In addition, Bekir Sami had the disordered 56. Division transferred first to Mudania than to Bursa by sea. He tried to strengthen the defence in Bursa by means of organizing 56. Division. The forces of Turkish revolutionaries were formed ; the local community were made aware of the situation, and the defence was strengthened. The invasion of Bursa could not be prevented despite all the security precautions Bekir Sami had taken and, as a result, Bursa was invaded by Greek forces. Bekir Sami and the soldiers in his command could not resist the Greek forces much; and they had to abandon the city. His abandonment of the city caused major discussions in the Parliament, and Bekir Sami was dismissed due to the accusations of abandoning the city without any defence. Subsequent to the invasion of the city, Greek forces started to inflict atrocities. They raided local houses on the pretext seizing guns, causing moral and material crisis among the locals. Newspapers reported the invasion of Bursa, which was a historically and geographically significant Turkish city, by the Greek forces; and they hoped to be freed of this invasion as soon as possible. Those bad events were mentioned with a great sadness in Turkish Press. Occupation of Bursa caused such a great sadness in both Assembly and Anatolia that they covered the Assembly Pulpit with a black covering and they hadn't removed it until the liberation of Bursa. Greek occupation in Bursa increased the Spirit of Struggle among Turkish people and so Great attack began in Anatolia. After many battles, Bursa was free again on September 11, 1922. Liberation of Bursa caused great enthusiasm in Turkey and celebrations were held for several days. The Turkish Press made good news about the independence of Bursa and mentioned that Bursa, which was a significant Turkish city, was heroically recovered from Greek invasion by the Turkish army.
► After the First World War the victorious Entente States began the occupation of the various places of Anatoliaaccording to Mondros Armistice signed with the Ottoman Empire. Greeks began the occupation of Anatolia to perform their great ideal which they call as Megali İdea. Just as western Anatolia, they occupied Bursa on July 8, 1920 and inhabitants of Bursa suffered a lot of persecution. Before Bursa was invaded, 56. Division commander Bekir Sami (Gunsav) came to the city with the attempts of organising the local people against the invasion. In addition, Bekir Sami had the disordered 56. Division transferred first to Mudania than to Bursa by sea. He tried to strengthen the defence in Bursa by means of organizing 56. Division. The forces of Turkish revolutionaries were formed ; the local community were made aware of the situation, and the defence was strengthened. The invasion of Bursa could not be prevented despite all the security precautions Bekir Sami had taken and, as a result, Bursa was invaded by Greek forces. Bekir Sami and the soldiers in his command could not resist the Greek forces much; and they had to abandon the city. His abandonment of the city caused major discussions in the Parliament, and Bekir Sami was dismissed due to the accusations of abandoning the city without any defence. Subsequent to the invasion of the city, Greek forces started to inflict atrocities. They raided local houses on the pretext seizing guns, causing moral and material crisis among the locals. Newspapers reported the invasion of Bursa, which was a historically and geographically significant Turkish city, by the Greek forces; and they hoped to be freed of this invasion as soon as possible. Those bad events were mentioned with a great sadness in Turkish Press. Occupation of Bursa caused such a great sadness in both Assembly and Anatolia that they covered the Assembly Pulpit with a black covering and they hadn't removed it until the liberation of Bursa. Greek occupation in Bursa increased the Spirit of Struggle among Turkish people and so Great attack began in Anatolia. After many battles, Bursa was free again on September 11, 1922. Liberation of Bursa caused great enthusiasm in Turkey and celebrations were held for several days. The Turkish Press made good news about the independence of Bursa and mentioned that Bursa, which was a significant Turkish city, was heroically recovered from Greek invasion by the Turkish army.
Dil Notu
Türkçe özet s. vi-vii.
İngilizce özet s. viii-ix.
İngilizce özet s. viii-ix.
Emeği Geçenler
Özçelik, Mücahit, Doç. Dr., tez danışmanı.
