Confidential U.S. state department central files [mikroform] : Palestine United Nations activities, 1945-1949 : Decimal numbers 501.BB Palestine and 501.MA Palestine.
Confidential U.S. state department central files
Dil Kodu
İngilizce
Yer Numarası
M/0323-8
Eser Adının Farklı Biçimi
Palestine United activities, 1945-1949
Yayın Bilgisi
Frederick, MD : University Puclications of America (UPA), [t.y.]
Fiziksel Niteleme
1 mikrofilm makarası (1006 poz) : pozitif ; 35 mm.
Genel Not
Bu seri 14 makaradan oluşmaktadır.
Bibliyografi, vb. Notu
Mikrofilmin indeksi A.VIII/2032 yer numarasında kayıtlıdır.
İçindekiler Notu
► International conferences cont. -- 0001 : Haj Amin el Husseini is elected president of Arab Palestine national assembly. UN truce committee cables UN security council that truce in Jerusalem has been sabotaged by misconduct of Jewish forces under Dr. Bernard Joseph, Israel's military governor for Jerusalem. Jews deny truce committee's charges. Arab Palestine national assembly proclaims Palestine an independent Arab state. Transjordan objects. Jews are considered invaders. Israeli president Chaim Weizmann relinquishes his British citizenship but urges friendly British-Israel relations. Hesays President Truman told him U.S. will support Jewish claims to Negeb, an area to be allotted to Arabs by Bernadotte plan. Israel tells UN it does not intend to surrender Negeb. Moshe Shertok discusses Bernadotte plan with secretary of state George C. Marshall. Air raids occur in Tel Aviv and Haifa, Palestine. Moshe Shertok, Jewish agency official, announces territory demands of Israel: Western Galilee, modern Jerusalem, and land corridor between Jerusalem and rest of Israel. Eventually Israel and Arabs will have to settle their differences by direct negotiations. Israel favors annexation of Arab Palestine by Transjordan. Arab league insists on unpartitioned Palestine. Israeli army had fought off Egyptian attacks near Negeb. UN truce mission demands that both sides stop serious breaches of truce. UNRRA governing committee allots money given to international children's emergency fund to be used for Palestinian refugees. Israel signs with Shell and Socony companies to ensure adequate oil
supply for Israel. In Jaffa, Palestine, police fortress, 170 Sternists rebel. Israeli troops put down rebellion and prisoners are moved to Acre, Palestine. New Arab government in Gaza is recognized by Egypt and Iraq. U.S. refuses to recognize Gaza government because it is
opposed by Transjordan king Abdullah's Arab faction. Police who let sternists out of jail for a holiday are arrested. Israel asks security council to compel Arabs to negotiate with Israel. Britain, China, and France in security council session charge that Israel is to blame for Bernadotte-Serot assassinations. UN mediator Ralph Bunche pleads to general assembly political committee for adoption of Bernadotte peace plan. He tells security council that truce will collapse unless UN finds way for Arabs and Jews to respect UN truce teams. New Arab government in Gaza is recognized by Saudi Arabia. Egypt attacks Jewish convoy which had tried to run through Egypt's Negeb blockade. Israel and Egypt clash near Negeb in defiance of cease-fire demand issued by Brigadier General William E. Riley, UN chief of staff in Palestine. Israel refuses to halt military action unless Egypt does same. Israel conducts ground raids against Egypt in Iraq al-Manshiyya, northeast of Gaza. Egypt bombs Jewish localities in same area. Israeli planes attack Gaza, Beersheba, and Faluja. Israel bombs Gaza. In Jerusalem Jews form new roadblock. Arabs steal UN jeep near Mount Scopus. In astatement issued without notifying secretary of state George C. Marshall, President Truman says Bernadotte plan is merely a basis for new negotiations and he criticizes Thomas Dewey (Republican presidential nominee) for making Palestine a campaign issue. Israel stops Syrian attacks in Upper Galilee. President Truman orders Export-Import Bank of the U.S. to resume negotiations for a loan to Israel. Fighting increases in Jerusalem. Senator Robert A. Taft (Ohio) says President "Truman's statement endorses both UN partition plan and Bernadotte plan. He criticizes Truman's handling of Palestine issue and the many reversals in U.S. policy toward Palestine. Security council holds emergency session to discuss Egypt's claims of Israeli aggression. Aubrey S. Eban, spokesman for Jews, declares Israel will defy UN mediator Ralph Bunche's request to give up its gains in Negeb. Israel proposes negotiations with Egypt to consider new frontiers between Israel and Egypt. Iraqui troops attack Jenin-Tulkarm-Nablus, the "Arab Triangle'"southeast of Jaffa, Palestine. New Israeli settlement in Tel Aviv, Palestine, is dedicated. Death of Dr. Judah L. Magnes, president of Hebrew University. Israeli premier David Ben-Gurion pleads for separate, permanent peace between Israel and Egypt. Britain, China, France, Belgium, and Canada call for resolution to create committee to determine if any sanctions should be used against Israel. Resolution receives implied support of U.S. Soviet Union calls for delay in voting on resolution. President Truman plans to carry out Democrats' platform promises to Israel. He tells American friends of Israel that U.S. policy toward Israel must be meshed with foreign policy around the world. John Foster Dulles, U.S. delegate to UN general assembly, advises Thomas Dewey to make immediate statement on his views, to guide U.S. delegation. Dulles does not favor sanctions against Israel. British and Chinese call for sanctions against Israel if it does not give up gains in Negeb. International Children's Emergency Fund votes for aid to Palestinian refugees. In session of UN general assembly's social committee British propose that UN raise $30 million for relief of 500,000 Arab refugees in the Middle East. Large-scale Jewish offensive conducted in Galilee. Secretary of State George C. Marshall and British foreign minister Ernest Bevin meet to discuss Palestine and other issues. Israeli troops battle for Galilee against Lebanese troops. UN chief of staff William Riley appeals for cease-fire, but both sides ignore appeal. Israeli troops complete conquest of Galilee and move into Lebanon. Entire Northern Palestine border is now under Jewish control. Arab government in Gaza is recognized by Afghanistan. Soviet Union blames U.S. and Britain for creation of refugee problem, October 1948.
► 0678 : Dr. William Haber, adviserto U.S. Army on Jewish Affairs, reports Jewish displaced persons are leaving Germany at rate of 4,000 a month. Since May 15,15,000 have left. Israel corporation of America, which was formed in New York in partnership with Jewish agency for Palestine, announces plans for huge housing development to accommodate 10,000 immigrants a month in Israel. Israel begins full-scale colonization of Negeb; Beersheba is planned center of project. Israel defies UN instruction to leave Lebanon. Fighting subsides; UN mediator Ralph Bunche's efforts bring about ceasefire. Turkey stops issuing permits for Turkish Jews to go to Israel. Jews get passports to go to Italy, but go to Israel instead. King Abdullah of Transjordan is rumored to be making secret peace inquiries. Israel denies. UN Security Council passes a modified version of British-Chinese resolution of sanctions against Israel. Resolution calls for (1) Israel and Egypt to go back to October 14 lines; (2) new truce lines to be negotiated; and (3) if points (1) and (2) are disobeyed, a Big Five Belgian-Colombian committee to decide if measures will be taken under Chapter VII of UN Charter. Israel protests and claims it is being threatened. Egypt retreats from Negeb. Israeli troops observe retreat but hold fire. American zionist emergency council demands that President Truman take care of "a great injustice. "Arabs protest that UN chief of staff William E. Riley advised them to negotiate for peace. UN mediator Ralph Bunche denies that Riley gavesuch advice.Arab Legion denies November 2 rumors of King Abdullah's peace efforts. Israeli government admits it had bought military equipment from several places including Czechoslovakia but denies it received help from Soviet Union. Israel captures Iraq Suweidan police fortress at northern entrance of Negeb. Israel charges that British troops reentered Palestine from Transjordan to help Arabs; British deny. UN rules that Jews are in violation of truce. Jews had arrested two UN officers who tried to observe Negeb battle. Israeli premier David Ben-Gurion confirms that talks are under way between Israel and two Arab governments (presumed to be Egypt and Transjordan). Israel is opposed to new UN proposal whereby Israeli troops give up recent gains in Negeb. In original partition plan, Negeb is consigned to Jews. Ben-Gurion claims dispute can be settled in four weeks if U.S. stops Britain from interfering with Arabs' wish to talk peace terms. UN mediator Ralph Bunche orders Israel to give up Iraq Suweidan. President Truman feels that direct Arab-Jewish negotiations might work. He also advocates a full recognition of Israel and aid for 500,000 Arab refugees in Middle East. UN Security Council listens to plan by UN mediator Ralph Bunche. Israel would withdraw to October 14 lines. Egypt would stay where it had retreated in Negeb fighting. A large part of Negeb would be demilitarized pending UN negotiations for peace. Israel rejects part of plan in which Beersheba would be under Arab administration. Plan is endorsed by Council's special committee on Negeb and Bunche orders Egypt and Israel to carry out plan. In his address to Political Committee, Moshe Shertok declares that Israel will fight before it gives up Negeb. Israel announces its peace conditions: (1) Jewish control of modern Jerusalem corridor to remainder of Israel; (2) no Arab use of Haifa port or Lydda airport except under Israeli terms; (3) retention of Western Galilee as long as area is needed for Israel's defense; and (4) no readmission of Arab refugees to Israel until peace is established. Israel also requests UN admission. Salah el-Kuntar, leader of Druse tribesmen's National Army, says Druses want their 4,000-square-mile area shifted from Syria to Israel. Druses helped drive Syrian troops out of Upper Galilee. Arabs insist on not recognizing Israel. UN Security Council demands that Israel and Egypt negotiate Negeb armistice directly or through UN mediator Ralph Bunche. This demand does not alter previous order calling for demilitarization of Negeb. At convention American Federation of Labor backs U.S. aid to Israel. King Abdullah of Transjordan hopes for a "real peace" to replace "semi-peace." He suggests that "the Israelis should be more reasonable"and the Arabs "should accept the logical." British state minister Hector McNeil offers Political Committee a resolution calling for permanent settlement based on Bernadotte plan. Israel proposes compromise: it will withdraw all troops who arrived in Israel after October 14; troops who arrived before October 14 will stay to ensure that area does not fall to Egypt. Israel announces it is ready to begin armistice with Arabs. UN mediator Ralph Bunche accepts Israel's proposal. UN General assembly approves $30 million fund for relief of Palestinian refugees (mostly Arabs), forming the UNRPR. Assembly asks UN member countries for contributions. Dr. Philip C. Jessup announces U.S. policy: any changes made in Israel's boundaries should be agreed on by Israel; Bernadotte plan is only a basis for negotiations.He suggests that Israel give up Negeb in compensation for Western Galilee gains and endorses UN membership for Israel. Parts of Benadotte plan to be considered are an international Jerusalem, the return of refugees to Palestine, and safeguarding of minorities.First preliminary armistice talks begin. William E. Riley, chief UN truce observer, meets separately with Israel Foreign Office officials and Egyptian commander Fouad Sadeh Bey. Israeli premier David Ben-Gurion praises King Abdullah of Transjordan and says he will meet with Abdullah and other Arab leaders anytime. Soviet Union and Poland call for partition plan for Palestine. In session of UN general assembly's political and security committee, Dr. Philip C. Jessup suggests that both Bernadotte and UN partition plans be considered in fixing Israeli boundaries. Israel would keep Galilee and pan: of Negeb. Aubrey S. Eban defends Jewish claims to both Galilee and Negeb. Israel stops unrestricted army recruiting but forms reserve with men aged 40 to 45. UN truce mission announces a provisional Arab-Jewish truce line. Arabs announce they will not negotiate with Israel except through UN. UN mediator Ralph Bunche recommends to political committee that UN try another strong appeal for Israel and Arabs to get together. He urges Israel's admittance to UN. Israel's provisional government council announces it will hold first general elections on January 25. Persons aged 18 years or more will be eligible to vote. Israel-Egypt negotiations, through UN truce mission, for armistice in Negeb bog down. Problem is UN mediator Ralph Bunche's insistence on security council demand for Jewish withdrawals. Aubrey Eban tells subcommittee that Israel will not let large force of Egyptians withdraw from entrapment at Negeb until Arabs respond to council's November 16 armistice resolution. Bulgaria recognizes Israel. Menahem Beigin, former Irgun commander in chief, visits New York mayor William O'Dwyer. Three U.S. religious leaders denounce Menahem Beigin, Irgun leader, as a terrorist. Israel applies for UN admission. Stanton Griff is is appointed director of the UN RPR. Colonel Moshe Dayan of Israel and Lieutenant Colonel Abdullah el Tell of Transjordan Arab Legion sign cease-fire agreement. American Council for Judaism asks Attorney General Tom C. Clark for a federal investigation of Menahem Beigin's U.S. activities, November 1948.
► 0678 : Dr. William Haber, adviserto U.S. Army on Jewish Affairs, reports Jewish displaced persons are leaving Germany at rate of 4,000 a month. Since May 15,15,000 have left. Israel corporation of America, which was formed in New York in partnership with Jewish agency for Palestine, announces plans for huge housing development to accommodate 10,000 immigrants a month in Israel. Israel begins full-scale colonization of Negeb; Beersheba is planned center of project. Israel defies UN instruction to leave Lebanon. Fighting subsides; UN mediator Ralph Bunche's efforts bring about ceasefire. Turkey stops issuing permits for Turkish Jews to go to Israel. Jews get passports to go to Italy, but go to Israel instead. King Abdullah of Transjordan is rumored to be making secret peace inquiries. Israel denies. UN Security Council passes a modified version of British-Chinese resolution of sanctions against Israel. Resolution calls for (1) Israel and Egypt to go back to October 14 lines; (2) new truce lines to be negotiated; and (3) if points (1) and (2) are disobeyed, a Big Five Belgian-Colombian committee to decide if measures will be taken under Chapter VII of UN Charter. Israel protests and claims it is being threatened. Egypt retreats from Negeb. Israeli troops observe retreat but hold fire. American zionist emergency council demands that President Truman take care of "a great injustice. "Arabs protest that UN chief of staff William E. Riley advised them to negotiate for peace. UN mediator Ralph Bunche denies that Riley gavesuch advice.Arab Legion denies November 2 rumors of King Abdullah's peace efforts. Israeli government admits it had bought military equipment from several places including Czechoslovakia but denies it received help from Soviet Union. Israel captures Iraq Suweidan police fortress at northern entrance of Negeb. Israel charges that British troops reentered Palestine from Transjordan to help Arabs; British deny. UN rules that Jews are in violation of truce. Jews had arrested two UN officers who tried to observe Negeb battle. Israeli premier David Ben-Gurion confirms that talks are under way between Israel and two Arab governments (presumed to be Egypt and Transjordan). Israel is opposed to new UN proposal whereby Israeli troops give up recent gains in Negeb. In original partition plan, Negeb is consigned to Jews. Ben-Gurion claims dispute can be settled in four weeks if U.S. stops Britain from interfering with Arabs' wish to talk peace terms. UN mediator Ralph Bunche orders Israel to give up Iraq Suweidan. President Truman feels that direct Arab-Jewish negotiations might work. He also advocates a full recognition of Israel and aid for 500,000 Arab refugees in Middle East. UN Security Council listens to plan by UN mediator Ralph Bunche. Israel would withdraw to October 14 lines. Egypt would stay where it had retreated in Negeb fighting. A large part of Negeb would be demilitarized pending UN negotiations for peace. Israel rejects part of plan in which Beersheba would be under Arab administration. Plan is endorsed by Council's special committee on Negeb and Bunche orders Egypt and Israel to carry out plan. In his address to Political Committee, Moshe Shertok declares that Israel will fight before it gives up Negeb. Israel announces its peace conditions: (1) Jewish control of modern Jerusalem corridor to remainder of Israel; (2) no Arab use of Haifa port or Lydda airport except under Israeli terms; (3) retention of Western Galilee as long as area is needed for Israel's defense; and (4) no readmission of Arab refugees to Israel until peace is established. Israel also requests UN admission. Salah el-Kuntar, leader of Druse tribesmen's National Army, says Druses want their 4,000-square-mile area shifted from Syria to Israel. Druses helped drive Syrian troops out of Upper Galilee. Arabs insist on not recognizing Israel. UN Security Council demands that Israel and Egypt negotiate Negeb armistice directly or through UN mediator Ralph Bunche. This demand does not alter previous order calling for demilitarization of Negeb. At convention American Federation of Labor backs U.S. aid to Israel. King Abdullah of Transjordan hopes for a "real peace" to replace "semi-peace." He suggests that "the Israelis should be more reasonable"and the Arabs "should accept the logical." British state minister Hector McNeil offers Political Committee a resolution calling for permanent settlement based on Bernadotte plan. Israel proposes compromise: it will withdraw all troops who arrived in Israel after October 14; troops who arrived before October 14 will stay to ensure that area does not fall to Egypt. Israel announces it is ready to begin armistice with Arabs. UN mediator Ralph Bunche accepts Israel's proposal. UN General assembly approves $30 million fund for relief of Palestinian refugees (mostly Arabs), forming the UNRPR. Assembly asks UN member countries for contributions. Dr. Philip C. Jessup announces U.S. policy: any changes made in Israel's boundaries should be agreed on by Israel; Bernadotte plan is only a basis for negotiations.He suggests that Israel give up Negeb in compensation for Western Galilee gains and endorses UN membership for Israel. Parts of Benadotte plan to be considered are an international Jerusalem, the return of refugees to Palestine, and safeguarding of minorities.First preliminary armistice talks begin. William E. Riley, chief UN truce observer, meets separately with Israel Foreign Office officials and Egyptian commander Fouad Sadeh Bey. Israeli premier David Ben-Gurion praises King Abdullah of Transjordan and says he will meet with Abdullah and other Arab leaders anytime. Soviet Union and Poland call for partition plan for Palestine. In session of UN general assembly's political and security committee, Dr. Philip C. Jessup suggests that both Bernadotte and UN partition plans be considered in fixing Israeli boundaries. Israel would keep Galilee and pan: of Negeb. Aubrey S. Eban defends Jewish claims to both Galilee and Negeb. Israel stops unrestricted army recruiting but forms reserve with men aged 40 to 45. UN truce mission announces a provisional Arab-Jewish truce line. Arabs announce they will not negotiate with Israel except through UN. UN mediator Ralph Bunche recommends to political committee that UN try another strong appeal for Israel and Arabs to get together. He urges Israel's admittance to UN. Israel's provisional government council announces it will hold first general elections on January 25. Persons aged 18 years or more will be eligible to vote. Israel-Egypt negotiations, through UN truce mission, for armistice in Negeb bog down. Problem is UN mediator Ralph Bunche's insistence on security council demand for Jewish withdrawals. Aubrey Eban tells subcommittee that Israel will not let large force of Egyptians withdraw from entrapment at Negeb until Arabs respond to council's November 16 armistice resolution. Bulgaria recognizes Israel. Menahem Beigin, former Irgun commander in chief, visits New York mayor William O'Dwyer. Three U.S. religious leaders denounce Menahem Beigin, Irgun leader, as a terrorist. Israel applies for UN admission. Stanton Griff is is appointed director of the UN RPR. Colonel Moshe Dayan of Israel and Lieutenant Colonel Abdullah el Tell of Transjordan Arab Legion sign cease-fire agreement. American Council for Judaism asks Attorney General Tom C. Clark for a federal investigation of Menahem Beigin's U.S. activities, November 1948.
Reprodüksiyon Notu
Mikrofilm. Frederick, MD : University Puclications of America (UPA), [t.y.]. 1 mikrofilm makarası : pozitif ; 35 mm. 1945-1949.
Konu
Kurum Adı
United States. Department of State.
University Publications of America (UPA)
University Publications of America (UPA)
