Paleoanthropology of the Balkans and Anatolia : Human Evolution and Its Context.
Paleoanthropology of the Balkans and Anatolia :
Erişim Adresi
ISBN
9789402408744 (electronic bk.)
9789402408737
9789402408737
Dil Kodu
İngilizce
Yer Numarası
DK/0182
Yazar
Yayın Bilgisi
©2016.
Fiziksel Niteleme
1 online resource (333 pages)
Dizi
Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology Ser.
İçindekiler Notu
Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Contributors -- Part I: The Human Fossil Record -- Chapter 1: Paleoanthropology in Greece: Recent Findings and Interpretations -- Introduction -- Neanderthals and Early Modern Humans -- Middle-Late Pleistocene and the Origins of the Neanderthals -- Early Colonization of Europe -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 2: The Role of the Central Balkans in the Peopling of Europe: Paleoanthropological Evidence -- Introduction -- Materials and Methods -- Descriptions -- “Bajloni's Building“ Calotte -- Bački Petrovac and Žitište -- Belgrade Mandible RGF94/1 -- The Balanica Mandible -- Discussion -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3: The Importance of Croatian Pleistocene Hominin Finds in the Study of Human Evolution -- Introduction -- Krapina (Hušnjakov brijeg) -- Vindija -- Šandalja II -- Concluding Remarks -- References -- Chapter 4: The Human Fossil Record from Romania: Early Upper Paleolithic European Mandibles and Neanderthal Admixture -- Introduction -- The Romanian Upper Paleolithic Mandibles -- Materials and Methods -- Results -- Discussion and Conclusions -- Appendix: Specimens Included in the Comparative Recent Human Samples (Department of Anthropology, American Museum of Natural History, New York -- All Specimens are Prefixed AMNH-A) -- References -- Chapter 5: The Human Fossil Record of Bulgaria and the Formulation of Biogeographic Hypotheses -- The Human Fossil Record of Bulgaria -- Formulating Biogeographic Hypotheses -- Testable Biogeographic Hypotheses -- Early Pleistocene Dispersals -- Middle Pleistocene Dispersals -- Late Pleistocene Dispersals -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6: The Human Fossil Record from Turkey -- Introduction -- Karain Cave -- Merdivenli Cave -- Beldibi Rock Shelter -- Kanal Cave -- İncili Cave (Big Cave) -- Üçağızlı Cave -- Kocabaş -- Conclusions -- References.
Part II: The Archaeological Record -- Chapter 7: The Middle and Upper Paleolithic on the Western Coast of the Mani Peninsula (Southern Greece) -- Introduction -- The Mani Peninsula -- Geomorphological Evolution and Human Use of Caves During the Upper Pleistocene -- The Archaeological Research -- The Middle Paleolithic -- Kalamakia Cave -- The Upper Paleolithic -- Kolominitsa Cave -- Melitzia Cave -- Kastanis Cave -- Skini 4 Cave -- Skini 3 Cave -- Tripsana Cave -- Data Synthesis on the Upper Paleolithic of the Mani Peninsula -- Environmental Data and Human Diet -- Lithics -- Bone Tools -- Pieces of Ferrous Minerals -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 8: The Acheulian Site at Rodafnidia, Lisvori, on Lesbos, Greece: 2010-2012 -- Introduction -- The Key Geographic Features of Lesbos Guiding the Project -- The Site, Its Discovery, and Objectives of Research -- Investigative Methodology -- Stratigraphy and Date -- The Lithic Finds -- The Large Cutting Tools Technogroup -- The Prepared Core Technology Technogroup -- The Non-PCT Flake Cores Technogroup -- The Flakes and Detached Pieces Technogroup -- The Retouched Flake Technogroup -- Summary of Lithic Artifact Analysis -- Discussion -- References -- Chapter 9: Technological Changes and Population Movements in the Late Lower and Early Middle Paleolithic of the Central Balkans -- Introduction -- The Sites -- Kremenac -- Kosovska Kosa and Samaila -- Velika and Mala Balanica -- Petrovaradin Fortress -- Hadzˇi Prodanova Cave -- Pešturina -- Lithic Industries -- Core-Flake-Tool Industries -- Levallois-Mousterian of Samaila Type -- Charentian at Balanica -- Charentian and Mousterian in the Early Glacial -- Concluding Remarks: Demographic Factors of Technological Variability -- References.
Chapter 10: Recent Research on the Croatian Middle/Upper Paleolithic Interface in the Context of Central and Southeast Europe -- Introduction -- Sites -- Vindija -- Bukovac Pećina -- Velika Pećina in Kličevica -- Mujina Pec´ina -- Kaštel Štafilić: Resnik -- Interpretative Summary -- References -- Chapter 11: The Lower Paleolithic of Romania Revisited: New Evidence from the Site of Dealul Guran -- Introduction -- Romania: Landmarks in the Research on the Lower Paleolithic -- The Lower Paleolithic Record of Romania -- In Situ Discoveries -- The Disturbed Contexts -- The Site of Dealul Guran -- The LoDanS Project -- Stratigraphy and Age -- Lithic Assemblage -- Discussion and Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 12: A Route Through the Balkans and Implications for the Earliest Settlement of Europe -- Introduction -- The Early Paleolithic at Kozarnika -- Stratigraphic Notes -- Raw Materials -- Lower Paleolithic Assemblages of Trenches II and III -- Lower Paleolithic Artifacts of Trench IV -- Summary -- The Lower Paleolithic Sites of the Rhodope Mountains -- Characteristics of the Rhodope Mountain Region -- Early Paleolithic Collection from Western Rhodopes: The surface Sites of Shiroka Polyana -- Early Paleolithic Collection from the Western Rhodopes: The Surface Site of Kremenete -- Early Paleolithic Collections from the Eastern Rhodopes: Surface Site of Benkovski -- Discussion and Conclusions -- Possible Routes for the Earliest Colonization of Europe -- References -- Chapter 13: The Lower Paleolithic in Turkey: Anatolia and Hominin Dispersals Out of Africa -- Introduction -- Southeastern Anatolia -- Eastern Anatolia -- Central Anatolia -- Mediterranean Region -- Black Sea Region -- Aegean Region -- Marmara Region -- Conclusions: A Synthesis of the Lower Paleolithic in Turkey -- References.
Chapter 14: Technological Variability of the Middle-to-Upper Paleolithic Transition: Examples from the Balkans and Neighbouring Regions -- Introduction -- Transition or Mechanical Mixing? -- Technological Variability -- Initial/Early Upper Paleolithic -- Proto-Aurignacian/Early Aurignacian (Fig. 14.11, Model II) -- Technique -- The Middle and Early Upper Paleolithic of Greece: a View from Klissoura Cave -- Discussion -- Conclusions -- Flake and Blade MP Methods -- Blade UP Methods -- Combined Methods: Technological Transition -- Bladelet Methods -- References -- Part III: Paleoenvironments, Biogeography and Chronology -- Chapter 15: The Plio-Pleistocene Large Mammal Record of Greece: Implications for Early Human Dispersals into Europe -- Introduction -- Large Mammal Faunas and Biochronology -- Latest Turolian/Early Ruscinian Faunas (5.3-4.2 Ma) -- Late Ruscinian (4.2-3.5 Ma) -- Early Villafranchian (3.5-2.6 Ma) -- Middle Villafranchian (2.6-1.8 Ma) -- Late Villafranchian (1.8-1.2 Ma) -- Epi-Villafranchian (1.2-0.8 Ma) -- Local Large Mammal Events and Environmental Context -- Early Humans and the Greek Mammal Record -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 16: Southeastern Europe as a Route for the Earliest Dispersal of Homo Toward Europe: Ecological Conditions and the Timing of the First Human Occupation of Europe -- The African Origin of the Genus Homo and the Timing and Routes of its Earliest Dispersal into Eurasia -- The Earliest Possible Dispersal Wave into Europe -- The Time and Routes of the Earliest Theoretically Possible Dispersal: Argumentation -- Possible Traces of the Ante-Epivillafranchian Hominins in Europe -- The Earliest “Well Documented“ Wave of Homo Dispersal: Localities and Age -- Ecological Conditions in Southeastern Europe and the Earliest Human Dispersal Toward Europe.
Ecological Conditions and the First Possible Wave of Dispersal into Europe -- Ecological Conditions of the Earliest “Well Documented“ Wave of Homo Dispersal from the East -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 17: Small Mammals in the Plio/Pleistocene Sediments of Greece -- Introduction -- Dating Methods and Small Mammals -- Pliocene Faunas -- Pleistocene Faunas -- Comparison Between Pliocene and Pleistocene Faunas -- Evaluation of the Small Mammal Studies -- Final Remarks -- References -- Chapter 18: On the Spatio-Temporal Distribution of Mediterranean Lower Paleolithic Sites: A Geoarchaeological Perspective -- Introduction -- Mediterranean Lower Paleolithic Records -- Italy -- Iberia -- North Africa -- Levant -- Balkans and Anatolia -- Greece -- Large-Scale Spatio-Temporal, Geoarchaeological, and Geomorphological Patterns -- Effects of Basin Evolution on Archaeological Distributions -- Discussion -- Conclusions -- References -- Index.
Part II: The Archaeological Record -- Chapter 7: The Middle and Upper Paleolithic on the Western Coast of the Mani Peninsula (Southern Greece) -- Introduction -- The Mani Peninsula -- Geomorphological Evolution and Human Use of Caves During the Upper Pleistocene -- The Archaeological Research -- The Middle Paleolithic -- Kalamakia Cave -- The Upper Paleolithic -- Kolominitsa Cave -- Melitzia Cave -- Kastanis Cave -- Skini 4 Cave -- Skini 3 Cave -- Tripsana Cave -- Data Synthesis on the Upper Paleolithic of the Mani Peninsula -- Environmental Data and Human Diet -- Lithics -- Bone Tools -- Pieces of Ferrous Minerals -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 8: The Acheulian Site at Rodafnidia, Lisvori, on Lesbos, Greece: 2010-2012 -- Introduction -- The Key Geographic Features of Lesbos Guiding the Project -- The Site, Its Discovery, and Objectives of Research -- Investigative Methodology -- Stratigraphy and Date -- The Lithic Finds -- The Large Cutting Tools Technogroup -- The Prepared Core Technology Technogroup -- The Non-PCT Flake Cores Technogroup -- The Flakes and Detached Pieces Technogroup -- The Retouched Flake Technogroup -- Summary of Lithic Artifact Analysis -- Discussion -- References -- Chapter 9: Technological Changes and Population Movements in the Late Lower and Early Middle Paleolithic of the Central Balkans -- Introduction -- The Sites -- Kremenac -- Kosovska Kosa and Samaila -- Velika and Mala Balanica -- Petrovaradin Fortress -- Hadzˇi Prodanova Cave -- Pešturina -- Lithic Industries -- Core-Flake-Tool Industries -- Levallois-Mousterian of Samaila Type -- Charentian at Balanica -- Charentian and Mousterian in the Early Glacial -- Concluding Remarks: Demographic Factors of Technological Variability -- References.
Chapter 10: Recent Research on the Croatian Middle/Upper Paleolithic Interface in the Context of Central and Southeast Europe -- Introduction -- Sites -- Vindija -- Bukovac Pećina -- Velika Pećina in Kličevica -- Mujina Pec´ina -- Kaštel Štafilić: Resnik -- Interpretative Summary -- References -- Chapter 11: The Lower Paleolithic of Romania Revisited: New Evidence from the Site of Dealul Guran -- Introduction -- Romania: Landmarks in the Research on the Lower Paleolithic -- The Lower Paleolithic Record of Romania -- In Situ Discoveries -- The Disturbed Contexts -- The Site of Dealul Guran -- The LoDanS Project -- Stratigraphy and Age -- Lithic Assemblage -- Discussion and Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 12: A Route Through the Balkans and Implications for the Earliest Settlement of Europe -- Introduction -- The Early Paleolithic at Kozarnika -- Stratigraphic Notes -- Raw Materials -- Lower Paleolithic Assemblages of Trenches II and III -- Lower Paleolithic Artifacts of Trench IV -- Summary -- The Lower Paleolithic Sites of the Rhodope Mountains -- Characteristics of the Rhodope Mountain Region -- Early Paleolithic Collection from Western Rhodopes: The surface Sites of Shiroka Polyana -- Early Paleolithic Collection from the Western Rhodopes: The Surface Site of Kremenete -- Early Paleolithic Collections from the Eastern Rhodopes: Surface Site of Benkovski -- Discussion and Conclusions -- Possible Routes for the Earliest Colonization of Europe -- References -- Chapter 13: The Lower Paleolithic in Turkey: Anatolia and Hominin Dispersals Out of Africa -- Introduction -- Southeastern Anatolia -- Eastern Anatolia -- Central Anatolia -- Mediterranean Region -- Black Sea Region -- Aegean Region -- Marmara Region -- Conclusions: A Synthesis of the Lower Paleolithic in Turkey -- References.
Chapter 14: Technological Variability of the Middle-to-Upper Paleolithic Transition: Examples from the Balkans and Neighbouring Regions -- Introduction -- Transition or Mechanical Mixing? -- Technological Variability -- Initial/Early Upper Paleolithic -- Proto-Aurignacian/Early Aurignacian (Fig. 14.11, Model II) -- Technique -- The Middle and Early Upper Paleolithic of Greece: a View from Klissoura Cave -- Discussion -- Conclusions -- Flake and Blade MP Methods -- Blade UP Methods -- Combined Methods: Technological Transition -- Bladelet Methods -- References -- Part III: Paleoenvironments, Biogeography and Chronology -- Chapter 15: The Plio-Pleistocene Large Mammal Record of Greece: Implications for Early Human Dispersals into Europe -- Introduction -- Large Mammal Faunas and Biochronology -- Latest Turolian/Early Ruscinian Faunas (5.3-4.2 Ma) -- Late Ruscinian (4.2-3.5 Ma) -- Early Villafranchian (3.5-2.6 Ma) -- Middle Villafranchian (2.6-1.8 Ma) -- Late Villafranchian (1.8-1.2 Ma) -- Epi-Villafranchian (1.2-0.8 Ma) -- Local Large Mammal Events and Environmental Context -- Early Humans and the Greek Mammal Record -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 16: Southeastern Europe as a Route for the Earliest Dispersal of Homo Toward Europe: Ecological Conditions and the Timing of the First Human Occupation of Europe -- The African Origin of the Genus Homo and the Timing and Routes of its Earliest Dispersal into Eurasia -- The Earliest Possible Dispersal Wave into Europe -- The Time and Routes of the Earliest Theoretically Possible Dispersal: Argumentation -- Possible Traces of the Ante-Epivillafranchian Hominins in Europe -- The Earliest “Well Documented“ Wave of Homo Dispersal: Localities and Age -- Ecological Conditions in Southeastern Europe and the Earliest Human Dispersal Toward Europe.
Ecological Conditions and the First Possible Wave of Dispersal into Europe -- Ecological Conditions of the Earliest “Well Documented“ Wave of Homo Dispersal from the East -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 17: Small Mammals in the Plio/Pleistocene Sediments of Greece -- Introduction -- Dating Methods and Small Mammals -- Pliocene Faunas -- Pleistocene Faunas -- Comparison Between Pliocene and Pleistocene Faunas -- Evaluation of the Small Mammal Studies -- Final Remarks -- References -- Chapter 18: On the Spatio-Temporal Distribution of Mediterranean Lower Paleolithic Sites: A Geoarchaeological Perspective -- Introduction -- Mediterranean Lower Paleolithic Records -- Italy -- Iberia -- North Africa -- Levant -- Balkans and Anatolia -- Greece -- Large-Scale Spatio-Temporal, Geoarchaeological, and Geomorphological Patterns -- Effects of Basin Evolution on Archaeological Distributions -- Discussion -- Conclusions -- References -- Index.
Konu
Evolution (Biology).
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