The Archaeology of China : From the Late Paleolithic to the Early Bronze Age.
Erişim Adresi
ISBN
9781139419369 (electronic bk.)
9780521643108
9780521643108
Dil Kodu
İngilizce
Yer Numarası
DK/0481
Yazar
Yayın Bilgisi
©2012.
Fiziksel Niteleme
1 online resource (500 pages)
Dizi
Cambridge World Archaeology
İçindekiler Notu
Cover -- THE ARCHAEOLOGY OF CHINA -- CAMBRIDGE WORLD ARCHAEOLOGY -- Tilte -- Copyright -- Dedication -- CONTENTS -- ILLUSTRATIONS -- TABLES -- PREFACE -- CHAPTER 1 CHINESE ARCHAEOLOGY: PAST, PRESENT, AND FUTURE -- THE FORMATIVE PERIOD (1920s-1940s) -- The Historical Context of Chinese Archaeology -- The Beginning of Modern Chinese Archaeology -- Excavations in Anyang -- Discovery of the Longshan Culture -- Excavations at Doujitai in Shaanxi -- Western Origin, Dual Origins, and Indigenous Origin of Chinese Civilization -- DEVELOPMENT OF ARCHAEOLOGY IN THE PEOPLES REPUBLIC OF CHINA (1950-PRESENT) -- Archaeology Before the Cultural Revolution (1950-65) -- Paleolithic Archaeology -- Neolithic Archaeology -- Archaeology of the Three Dynasties -- The Central Plain Focus -- Archaeology During the Cultural Revolution (1966-77) -- Archaeology in the Post-cultural Revolution Era (1978-present) -- INTERPRETATIONS -- Multiregional Development of Civilization in China -- National History and the Origins of Civilization -- INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH IN CHINA -- CONCLUSIONS -- CHAPTER 2 ENVIRONMENT AND ECOLOGY -- GEOGRAPHY -- RIVER SYSTEMS -- ECOLOGICAL DIVISIONS -- PALEOCLIMATE, PALEOENVIRONMENT, AND HUMAN ADAPTATIONS -- Variation of the Monsoon System -- Sea Level Fluctuation -- Postglacial Abrupt Climate Changes -- Human-induced Environmental Deteriorations -- Communications in Geographical Contexts -- CONCLUSIONS -- CHAPTER 3 FORAGERS AND COLLECTORS IN THE PLEISTOCENE-HOLOCENE TRANSITION (24,000-9000 CAL. BP) -- ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS AND HUMAN ADAPTATIONS -- RESEARCH QUESTIONS AND TERMINOLOGY -- TERMINAL PLEISTOCENE FORAGERS IN NORTH CHINA -- Xiachuan -- Longwangchan -- Shizitan -- Hutouliang -- EARLY HOLOCENE COLLECTORS IN NORTH CHINA -- Donghulin and Zhuannian -- Nanzhuangtou -- Lijiagou and Bianbiandong -- Summary.
PLEISTOCENE FORAGERS IN CENTRAL AND SOUTH CHINA -- Yuchanyan -- Zengpiyan -- HOLOCENE COLLECTORS IN CENTRAL CHINA -- Shangshan -- SUMMARY -- ORIGINS OF POTTERY IN CHINA -- ORIGINS OF POTTERY IN THE REGIONAL CONTEXT OF EAST ASIA -- THE EMERGENCE OF SEDENTISM IN CHINA -- TRANSITIONS IN OTHER REGIONS OF CHINA -- CONCLUSIONS -- CHAPTER 4 DOMESTICATION OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS -- DOMESTICATION OF PLANTS -- Rice -- Millets -- Soybeans -- Tubers -- Wheat, Barley, and Oats -- Development of the Multicropping Agricultural System -- DOMESTICATION OF ANIMALS -- Dogs -- Pigs -- Sheep and Goats -- Cattle -- Water Buffalo -- Horses -- Chickens -- Secondary Products in Animal Domestication -- Summary -- DYNAMICS OF DOMESTICATION -- CONCLUSIONS -- CHAPTER 5 NEOLITHIZATION: SEDENTISM AND FOOD PRODUCTION IN THE EARLY NEOLITHIC (7000-5000 BC) -- DETERMINING SEDENTISM AND SUBSISTENCE STRATEGIES -- NORTHEAST AND NORTH CHINA -- The Xinglongwa Culture (ca. 6200-5200 Bc) -- The Cishan-beifudi Culture (ca. 6500-5000 Bc) -- The Houli Culture (ca. 6500-5500 Bc) -- The Peiligang Culture (ca. 7000-5000 Bc) -- The Baijia-dadiwan Culture (ca. 6000-5000 Bc) -- THE YANGZI RIVER REGION -- The Middle Yangzi River Region -- The Lower Yangzi River Region -- SOUTH CHINA -- DISCUSSION -- Variability in Settlement Pattern, Site Function, and Subsistence Strategy -- Variability in Sedentism -- Variability in the Development of Food Production -- The Role of Nut Collection and Arboriculture -- Variability in Ritual Activity and Social Complexity -- CONCLUSIONS -- CHAPTER 6 EMERGENCE OF SOCIAL INEQUALITY - THE MIDDLE NEOLITHIC (5000-3000 BC) -- THE LIAO RIVER VALLEY -- Hongshan Subsistence Economy -- Hongshan Settlement Patterns and Ritual Landscape -- Hongshan Jades -- Social Complexity of the Hongshan Culture -- The Collapse of Hongshan Complex Society -- THE YELLOW RIVER REGION.
The Beixin Culture -- The Dawenkou Culture -- The Yangshao Culture -- Ritual Power -- THE YANGZI RIVER REGION -- The Middle Yangzi River -- The Lower Yangzi River -- Ritual Power -- SOUTH CHINA -- CONCLUSIONS -- CHAPTER 7 RISE AND FALL OF EARLY COMPLEX SOCIETIES: THE LATE NEOLITHIC (3000-2000 BC) -- THE YELLOW RIVER VALLEY -- The Lower Yellow River Region -- The Middle Yellow River Valley -- The Northern Zone -- The Upper Yellow River -- NORTHEAST CHINA -- THE YANGZI RIVER REGION -- The Liangzhu Culture -- Qujialing (3400-2500 Bc) and Shijiahe (2500-2000 Bc) -- SOUTH AND WEST CHINA -- Southeast China -- Southwest and West China -- CONCLUSIONS -- CHAPTER 8 FORMATION OF EARLY STATES IN THE CENTRAL PLAIN: ERLITOU AND ERLIGANG (1900/1800-1250 BC) -- APPROACHES AND DEFINITIONS -- Xia Nais Classic Evolutionary Approach -- Su Bingqis Neolithic Civilization Approach -- Historiographical Approach -- Social Archaeological Approach -- SEARCH FOR THE XIA DYNASTY -- The Xinzhai Phase -- THE ERLITOU CULTURE AND ERLITOU STATE -- The Erlitou Urban Center -- Erlitou Urban Planning and Population -- Erlitou Bronze Metallurgy and Ritual Power -- Erlitou Hinterland and Periphery -- THE NEIGHBORS OF THE ERLITOU STATE -- Xiaqiyuan -- Yueshi -- THE ERLIGANG CULTURE AND ERLIGANG STATE -- The Erligang Core Area -- Erligang Expansion -- Summary -- AFTERMATH OF THE ERLIGANG EXPANSION: THE MIDDLE SHANG DECENTRALIZATION -- CONCLUSIONS -- CHAPTER 9 BRONZE CULTURES OF THE NORTHERN FRONTIERS AND BEYOND DURING THE EARLY SECOND MILLENNIUM BC -- ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS AND CULTURAL BACKGROUND -- THE LOWER XIAJIADIAN CULTURE -- Subsistence and Settlement Patterns -- Mortuary Pattern and Social Relations -- Metallurgy -- Cultural Interactions -- THE ZHUKAIGOU CULTURE -- Subsistence -- The Zhukaigou Site -- Metallurgy and the Formation of the Northern Zone Tradition -- THE QIJIA CULTURE.
Settlement Patterns and Subsistence -- Burial Patterns -- Jade and Stone Ritual Objects -- Metallurgy -- Cultural Interactions -- THE SIBA CULTURE -- Subsistence and Settlement Distribution -- Burial Patterns -- Metallurgy and Cultural Interactions -- THE EARLY BRONZE AGE IN EAST XINJIANG -- Qäwrighul and Tieban River Cemeteries -- Xiaohe -- Tianshanbeilu -- CONCLUSIONS -- Eastward Exploration by Central Asian and Eurasian Steppe Cultures -- Political Expansion of the Central Plain States -- Development of Social Complexity in the Northern Frontier Cultures -- CHAPTER 10 THE LATE SHANG DYNASTY AND ITS NEIGHBORS (1250-1046 BC) -- RESEARCH QUESTIONS -- THE SHANG WORLD -- YINXU: SITE OF THE LATE SHANG CAPITAL CITY -- SHANG AND ITS NEIGHBORS -- Taixi in the North -- Shandong in the East -- Wucheng in the South -- Sanxingdui in the Southwest -- Laoniupo in the West -- The Loess Plateau in the Northwest -- DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS -- CHAPTER 11 CHINESE CIVILIZATION IN COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE -- INTERPRETING CHINESENESS -- ANCIENT CHINA WITH OTHER PARTS OF THE WORLD -- FORMATION OF CHINESE CIVILIZATION AND CULTURAL IDENTITY -- RISE AND FALL OF COMPLEX SOCIETIES -- CONCLUSIONS -- APPENDIX HORSE BONES IN FAUNAL ASSEMBLAGES FROM NEOLITHIC AND EARLY BRONZE AGE SITES IN NORTH CHINA -- GLOSSARY -- REFERENCES -- INDEX.
PLEISTOCENE FORAGERS IN CENTRAL AND SOUTH CHINA -- Yuchanyan -- Zengpiyan -- HOLOCENE COLLECTORS IN CENTRAL CHINA -- Shangshan -- SUMMARY -- ORIGINS OF POTTERY IN CHINA -- ORIGINS OF POTTERY IN THE REGIONAL CONTEXT OF EAST ASIA -- THE EMERGENCE OF SEDENTISM IN CHINA -- TRANSITIONS IN OTHER REGIONS OF CHINA -- CONCLUSIONS -- CHAPTER 4 DOMESTICATION OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS -- DOMESTICATION OF PLANTS -- Rice -- Millets -- Soybeans -- Tubers -- Wheat, Barley, and Oats -- Development of the Multicropping Agricultural System -- DOMESTICATION OF ANIMALS -- Dogs -- Pigs -- Sheep and Goats -- Cattle -- Water Buffalo -- Horses -- Chickens -- Secondary Products in Animal Domestication -- Summary -- DYNAMICS OF DOMESTICATION -- CONCLUSIONS -- CHAPTER 5 NEOLITHIZATION: SEDENTISM AND FOOD PRODUCTION IN THE EARLY NEOLITHIC (7000-5000 BC) -- DETERMINING SEDENTISM AND SUBSISTENCE STRATEGIES -- NORTHEAST AND NORTH CHINA -- The Xinglongwa Culture (ca. 6200-5200 Bc) -- The Cishan-beifudi Culture (ca. 6500-5000 Bc) -- The Houli Culture (ca. 6500-5500 Bc) -- The Peiligang Culture (ca. 7000-5000 Bc) -- The Baijia-dadiwan Culture (ca. 6000-5000 Bc) -- THE YANGZI RIVER REGION -- The Middle Yangzi River Region -- The Lower Yangzi River Region -- SOUTH CHINA -- DISCUSSION -- Variability in Settlement Pattern, Site Function, and Subsistence Strategy -- Variability in Sedentism -- Variability in the Development of Food Production -- The Role of Nut Collection and Arboriculture -- Variability in Ritual Activity and Social Complexity -- CONCLUSIONS -- CHAPTER 6 EMERGENCE OF SOCIAL INEQUALITY - THE MIDDLE NEOLITHIC (5000-3000 BC) -- THE LIAO RIVER VALLEY -- Hongshan Subsistence Economy -- Hongshan Settlement Patterns and Ritual Landscape -- Hongshan Jades -- Social Complexity of the Hongshan Culture -- The Collapse of Hongshan Complex Society -- THE YELLOW RIVER REGION.
The Beixin Culture -- The Dawenkou Culture -- The Yangshao Culture -- Ritual Power -- THE YANGZI RIVER REGION -- The Middle Yangzi River -- The Lower Yangzi River -- Ritual Power -- SOUTH CHINA -- CONCLUSIONS -- CHAPTER 7 RISE AND FALL OF EARLY COMPLEX SOCIETIES: THE LATE NEOLITHIC (3000-2000 BC) -- THE YELLOW RIVER VALLEY -- The Lower Yellow River Region -- The Middle Yellow River Valley -- The Northern Zone -- The Upper Yellow River -- NORTHEAST CHINA -- THE YANGZI RIVER REGION -- The Liangzhu Culture -- Qujialing (3400-2500 Bc) and Shijiahe (2500-2000 Bc) -- SOUTH AND WEST CHINA -- Southeast China -- Southwest and West China -- CONCLUSIONS -- CHAPTER 8 FORMATION OF EARLY STATES IN THE CENTRAL PLAIN: ERLITOU AND ERLIGANG (1900/1800-1250 BC) -- APPROACHES AND DEFINITIONS -- Xia Nais Classic Evolutionary Approach -- Su Bingqis Neolithic Civilization Approach -- Historiographical Approach -- Social Archaeological Approach -- SEARCH FOR THE XIA DYNASTY -- The Xinzhai Phase -- THE ERLITOU CULTURE AND ERLITOU STATE -- The Erlitou Urban Center -- Erlitou Urban Planning and Population -- Erlitou Bronze Metallurgy and Ritual Power -- Erlitou Hinterland and Periphery -- THE NEIGHBORS OF THE ERLITOU STATE -- Xiaqiyuan -- Yueshi -- THE ERLIGANG CULTURE AND ERLIGANG STATE -- The Erligang Core Area -- Erligang Expansion -- Summary -- AFTERMATH OF THE ERLIGANG EXPANSION: THE MIDDLE SHANG DECENTRALIZATION -- CONCLUSIONS -- CHAPTER 9 BRONZE CULTURES OF THE NORTHERN FRONTIERS AND BEYOND DURING THE EARLY SECOND MILLENNIUM BC -- ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS AND CULTURAL BACKGROUND -- THE LOWER XIAJIADIAN CULTURE -- Subsistence and Settlement Patterns -- Mortuary Pattern and Social Relations -- Metallurgy -- Cultural Interactions -- THE ZHUKAIGOU CULTURE -- Subsistence -- The Zhukaigou Site -- Metallurgy and the Formation of the Northern Zone Tradition -- THE QIJIA CULTURE.
Settlement Patterns and Subsistence -- Burial Patterns -- Jade and Stone Ritual Objects -- Metallurgy -- Cultural Interactions -- THE SIBA CULTURE -- Subsistence and Settlement Distribution -- Burial Patterns -- Metallurgy and Cultural Interactions -- THE EARLY BRONZE AGE IN EAST XINJIANG -- Qäwrighul and Tieban River Cemeteries -- Xiaohe -- Tianshanbeilu -- CONCLUSIONS -- Eastward Exploration by Central Asian and Eurasian Steppe Cultures -- Political Expansion of the Central Plain States -- Development of Social Complexity in the Northern Frontier Cultures -- CHAPTER 10 THE LATE SHANG DYNASTY AND ITS NEIGHBORS (1250-1046 BC) -- RESEARCH QUESTIONS -- THE SHANG WORLD -- YINXU: SITE OF THE LATE SHANG CAPITAL CITY -- SHANG AND ITS NEIGHBORS -- Taixi in the North -- Shandong in the East -- Wucheng in the South -- Sanxingdui in the Southwest -- Laoniupo in the West -- The Loess Plateau in the Northwest -- DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS -- CHAPTER 11 CHINESE CIVILIZATION IN COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE -- INTERPRETING CHINESENESS -- ANCIENT CHINA WITH OTHER PARTS OF THE WORLD -- FORMATION OF CHINESE CIVILIZATION AND CULTURAL IDENTITY -- RISE AND FALL OF COMPLEX SOCIETIES -- CONCLUSIONS -- APPENDIX HORSE BONES IN FAUNAL ASSEMBLAGES FROM NEOLITHIC AND EARLY BRONZE AGE SITES IN NORTH CHINA -- GLOSSARY -- REFERENCES -- INDEX.
Özet, vb.
This book explores the roles of agricultural development and advancing social complexity in the processes of state formation in China.
Konu
Antiquities, Prehistoric -- China..
Archaeology -- China -- History -- 20th century..
Prehistoric peoples -- China.
Electronic books.
Archaeology -- China -- History -- 20th century..
Prehistoric peoples -- China.
Electronic books.
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