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020 |a9782503579955
040 |aTTK
041 |aeng
049 |aTTK
090 |aB.II/0068
100 1 |aMcClellan, Thomas Lynn,|d1939-
245 10|aEl-Qitar :|ba Bronze Age fortress on the Euphrates /|cby Thomas Lynn McClellan ; with contributions by Hijlke Buitenhuis, Edward Polak, Romain Prevalet, David S. Reese, and Claudia Sagona.
260 |aTurnhout, Belgium :|bBrepols,|c©2019.
300 |axxiii, 511 sayfa :|bresim, plan, tablo, çizim ;|c28 cm.
490 1 |aSubartu,|x1780-3233 ;|vXLI
504 |aBibliyografya s. [501]-511.
505 |tList of illustrations --|tPreface --|tIntroduction --|tHistory of excavations --|tResearch aims --|tSynopsis of work each season --|tSome general notes --|tOverview of the fortifications --|tTopography : the mountain --|tGeography and pairs of military forts --|tSiting of the defences and settlements --|tCity Gates --|tTowers --|tCurtain walls --|tEarly and late defensive arrangements --|tMagnetometer survey and possible dry moat --|tJebel Ahmar -- The West Gates --|tLower west gate --|tThe upper west gate, earlier and later ways into the settlement --|tStratification --|tThe rıver gate --|tCity gate and flanking towers --|tStratigraphy of the river gate area --|tTown planning : settlement plans, sounding 11, and Tumuli --|tThe lower settlement (Area X) --|tThe upper settlement (Area Y) --|tThe upper settlement, North --|tTumuli on top of el-Qitar, Classical Period or Earlier? --|tBuildings 16 and 17 --|tBuilding 17 --|tBuilding 16-West --|tBuilding 16-East --|tBuilding 12 --|tBuilding 11 --|tIntroduction --|tUnit 11A, Side-Room House -- Unit 11B, the Workshop --|tUnit 11C, Central-Room House --|tBuilding 10 - The Temple --|tArchitecture --|tStratigraphy and artefacts --|tBuilding 14 - The orthostat building --|tRooms 42-43 --|tRoom 31 --|tRoom 112 --|tRoom 25 --|tBuilding 15 --|tUnit A --|tUnit B --|tUnit C --|tUnit D --|tUnit E --|tCeramic chronology --|tMethodology --|tThe relative chronology of el-Qjtar groups --|tChanges in the ceramic assemblages over time and pottery types distinctive to each period --|tPottery typology --|tPottery types and assemblages of different periods --|tOther periods --|tDiscussion and issues --|tRegional ceramic relative chronology of the Middle Euphrates (EUSER) --|tOther sequences and absolute chronology --|tPottery in rooms and loci --|tThe objects --|tTablet --|tOther seals and sealing --|tAnthropomorphic figures --|tZoomorphic figures --|tMetal objects and stone moulds --|tSmall stone objects --|tBeads --|tShell /|rDavid S. Reese --|tGround-stone objects /|rClaudia Sagona --|tThe silver hoard /|rRomain Prevalet --|tCatalogue of the silver hoard --|tConclusion about the hoard --|tWorks cited in chapter 14: The silver hoard --|tA Hellenistic gold crescent earring of el-Qitar /|rRomain Prevalet --|tTypology and structure --|tDecoration --|tProcesses of Manufacture --|tProcesses of decoration --|tComparisons and historical conclusions --|tWorks cited in chapter 15: Hellenistic gold crescent-earring --|tMagnetic Test Report /|rEdward Polak --|tThe instrument and field procedure --|tResults in the upper settlement (Area Y) --|tConclusions --|tWorks cited in chapter 16: Magnetic test report --|tThe faunal remains from el-Qitar /|rHijlke Buitenhuis --|tIntroduction --|tThe Species --|tConclusions --|tWorks cited in chapter 17: the faunal remains from el-Qitar --|tQuantitative analysis of artefacts --|tEl-Qitar artefact distributions --|tComparisons of objects from Qitar, Bazi, and Munbaqa --|tTaphonomic vs functional patterns --|tBuildings : houses, workshops, and shops --|tTemples --|tConclusions --|tEarly Bronze Age Tumuli --|tMiddle Bronze Age Fortress Qitar --|tLaf e Bronze Age chronology of the Middle Euphrates --|tLate Bronze Age Reoccupation of el-Qitar after a Gap --|tDestruction of el-Qitar Period iv, EUSER 4 --|tMinör Reoccupation of Qitar (and Munbaqa) in Qitar VI, EUSER 5 --|tAppendices --|tAppendix 1. Post-hole sizes in centimetres, diameter and depth, el-Qitar, Building 17, Room 56 --|tAppendix 2. Pottery distribution in all recorded groups --|tAppendix 3. Matrix of thirty-two groups, seriated using percentages of ninety-one types --|tAppendix 4. Running list of objects in rooms --|tAppendix 5. Measurements of the skeletal elements according to von den Driesch, 1976.
520 |a“Located along the River Euphrates, in modern-day Syria, el-Qitar was a mountain fortress of the Middle Bronze Age. Excavations, fully analysed in this volume for the first time, revealed extensive fortifications, with two city gates, multiple towers, a fosse, an earthen rampart, and casemate walls, in addition to a public building lined with orthostats of the Middle Bronze Age. After a short time, the site was abandoned and, following a gap of several centuries, re-settled in the Late Bronze Age. It was then that upper and lower settlements were established within the old fortifications, possibly in the wake of Hittite campaigns in Northern Syria that destroyed nearby towns. Detailed analyses of ceramics and objects explore the possibility that el-Qitar was re-occupied by local refugees. This volume traces the changing function of the site over time, arguing that el-Qitar might have been the site known as Dur Samsi-Addu during the Middle Bronze Age, and Til-Abnu of the Late Bronze Age. The latest construction episode belongs to the modern-day Tishreen Dam.” --|cArka kapak.
650 4|aArkeolojik kazılar|zSuriye, Kuzey.
650 4|aBronz Çağı|zSuriye, Kuzey.
650 4|aAskeri mimari|zSuriye, Kuzey.
650 4|aTahkimat|zSuriye, Kuzey.
651 4|aSuriye, Kuzey|xEski eserler|yTarih öncesi.
700 1 |aBuitenhuis, Hijlke,|d1950-|eişbirliği.
700 1 |aPolak, Edward,|eişbirliği.
700 1 |aPrévalet, Romain,|d1984-|eişbirliği.
700 1 |aReese, David S.,|d1954-|eişbirliği.
700 1 |aSagona, Claudia,|d1956-|eişbirliği.
830 0|aSubartu ;|v41.